What question did this study set out to answer?

The study aims to provide a gauge-invariant formulation connecting the Higgs mechanism with the Quantum-Extended Thermodynamic Gravity Hypothesis (Q-TGH).

March 10, 2026Open Access

Reconciling the Higgs Mechanism with Q-TGH: \\ A Gauge-Invariant Vacuum Thermodynamic Formulation

Key Points

The study aims to provide a gauge-invariant formulation connecting the Higgs mechanism with the Quantum-Extended Thermodynamic Gravity Hypothesis (Q-TGH).
Constructed a gauge-invariant Lagrangian incorporating Standard Model gauge bosons and an entropy field.
Derive boson masses via spontaneous symmetry breaking and effective Yukawa couplings.
Conducted a renormalization-group analysis to address quadratic divergences.
Performed a one-loop calculation of the Higgs decay to assess deviations from Standard Model predictions.
Achieved exact mass derivation for W± and Z bosons through symmetry breaking.
Predicted a 3.2% deviation in Higgs decay branching ratio from the Standard Model.
Provided a solution to the hierarchy problem via vacuum mode counting.
Presented a natural contribution to dark energy and potential for early-universe inflation.

Abstract

Title: Reconciling the Higgs Mechanism with Q-TGH: A Gauge-Invariant Vacuum Thermodynamic Formulation Description: This manuscript presents a complete, gauge-invariant quantum-field-theoretic formulation of the Quantum-Extended Thermodynamic Gravity Hypothesis (Q-TGH). We propose that both mass and gravity emerge from entropy gradients in the quantum vacuum, and reinterpret the Higgs mechanism as a thermodynamic phase transition of an SM-singlet scalar entropy field rather than a fundamental scalar interaction. A fully gauge-invariant Lagrangian is constructed, incorporating the Standard Model gauge bosons \ (W^\), \ (B\), the entropy field \ (S\), and a thermodynamic portal coupling. We derive the \ (W^\) and \ (Z\) boson masses exactly from spontaneous symmetry breaking, reproduce all fermion masses via effective Yukawa couplings generated by entropy displacement, and perform a renormalization-group analysis demonstrating that quadratic divergences are statistically screened through vacuum mode counting. This provides a natural, fine-tuning-free solution to the long-standing hierarchy (naturalness) problem. An explicit one-loop calculation of the Higgs decay \ (H \) predicts a 3. 2% deviation from the Standard Model branching ratio, offering a clear, testable signature at the High-Luminosity LHC. The same thermodynamic potential also supplies a natural dark-energy contribution and drives early-universe inflation. The framework is shown to be fully compatible with and complementary to the SMASH model (Ballesteros et al. , Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences 6: 55, 2019), providing the missing ultraviolet completion and naturalness mechanism while unifying gravity, particle masses, the strong CP problem, baryogenesis, neutrino masses, dark matter, and inflation under a single thermodynamic principle. This upload contains the full paper (LaTeX source + PDF), the entropy-potential figure, and supporting derivations. Keywords: Q-TGH, emergent gravity, vacuum entropy, hierarchy problem, naturalness, Higgs mechanism, entropic force, gauge-invariant formulation, SMASH, dark energy

Bookmark

View Full Paper

Cite This Study

Rajendra S. Prajapati (Sun,) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69af952b70916d39fea4c66c https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18911225

Bookmark

View Full Paper