Abstract Global Complexity–Stability Theory (GCST) treats the Sun as a dissipative complex system in which magnetic activity reflects the accumulation and release of instability (field Ψ) in the interior and corona. The key stability index is where α_⊙ is the generation rate of instability (mainly from differential rotation and meridional circulation), γ_⊙ is the dissipation rate (magnetic reconnection, CMEs, sunspot cycles), and C_⊙ is the structural complexity of the magnetic field. Over the past ~200 years (1820–2025), solar activity shows a clear transition from high G (mid-19th to early 20th century) to persistently lower G (mid-20th to early 21st century), manifested as lengthening and weakening cycles, declining average sunspot numbers, reduced CME energy, and growing structural debt in the solar magnetic field. GCST interprets this trend as a slow Rate-Induced Transition of the star toward a new, calmer attractor with accumulated instability debt.
Roman Lukin (Thu,) studied this question.