Abstract The Middle Eocene nummulitic limestone at Dudar, Transdanubian Hungary, has yielded several belemnite rostra during the last 60–70 years. The correct interpretation of these fossils was made possible by the fact that one of these specimens retained the remnants of the conotheca within the alveolus, while others preserved the conical, tapering apical part of the rostrum. Further belemnitic characters of the fossils were identified through additional thin‐section studies, cathodoluminescence and SEM imaging and analyses. The evaluation of these finds may have confirmed earlier records of similar fossils from European localities as genuine belemnites. The Hungarian Bayanoteuthis rugifer (Schloenbach) specimens are systematically described, and the genus is interpreted as a Lazarus taxon, being a rare survivor reappearing late after the mass extinction at the Cretaceous/Palaeogene boundary.
András Galácz (Sun,) studied this question.