Informal cross-border trade (ICT) within Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has emerged as a significant economic activity in Liberia's regional integration landscape, reflecting broader challenges and opportunities for informal sector development. The study employed mixed methods including semi-structured interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis to gather data from various stakeholders in the Liberian region. Quantitative aspects used Likert scales for measuring perceptions of trade facilitation and socio-economic indicators. Liberians perceive ICT as crucial for their economic livelihoods, with over 60% engaging in cross-border transactions annually, predominantly involving agricultural products and basic commodities. Regional integration efforts are generally perceived positively but face challenges related to governance gaps and security concerns. The study reveals a complex interplay between Liberian perceptions of regional integration and the realities of informal trade dynamics within ECOWAS, highlighting the need for targeted policy interventions to enhance cross-border economic activities while addressing associated risks. Policy recommendations include strengthening governance frameworks, enhancing security measures, and developing tailored business support services to foster sustainable ICT development in Liberia's context.
Àkìnjà et al. (Wed,) studied this question.