What question did this study set out to answer?

This study aims to evaluate the effects of different lens types on myopia progression among military students.

March 21, 2026

Plus Lenses, Prisms, and Bifocal Effects on Myopia Progression in Military Students

Key Points

This study aims to evaluate the effects of different lens types on myopia progression among military students.
Randomly divided 232 students into three groups with different lens prescriptions.
Groups received either a placebo, plus lenses with prisms, or bifocals.
Measured refractive error at distance using cycloplegia.
Conducted follow-up refraction after 5 months.
No significant myopic shifts were observed in the placebo group.
Weak shifts noted in both the plus-with-prism and bifocal groups.
Results indicated minimal impact of lens type on myopia progression.

Abstract

Abstract Students of the Naval Academy Preparatory School (NAPS) class of 1978 to 1979 were randomly divided into three groups, one‐third of the class receiving their correction for distant vision with a no. 1 pink tint to be used for reading (the placebo group); one‐third of the class receiving +1.25 D added to their distance correction with 2A base‐in each eye, in glasses to be used for reading; and one‐third of the class receiving bifocals, incorporating their distance correction with a + 1.50 D near addition. The refractive error at distance for all 232 students was determined under cycloplegia. At the end of 5 months, a repeat cycloplegic refraction showed nonsignificant myopic shifts (Wilcoxon test) of −0.08 ± 0.29 D in the placebo group, −0.07 ± 0.25 D in the plus‐with‐prism group, and −0.06 ± 0.18 D in the bifocal group. This research note is preliminary to a followup at academic graduation of these same students from the Naval Academy in 1983.

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