Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the evolving role of Human Resources (HR) in supporting digital transformation within organizations, particularly in emerging economies where empirical evidence remains limited. Guided by the Diffusion of Innovation theory, the study explores the responsibilities, challenges, and opportunities experienced by HR managers navigating digital transformation initiatives. Design/methodology/approach In this qualitative study, data were collected through ten in-depth semi-structured interviews with HR managers from various industries. The interviews were analysed using systematic coding and thematic analysis, leading to the identification of key themes explaining HR's involvement in digital transformation. Findings The analysis revealed five major themes: (1) HR digitalization initiatives, (2) organizational adaptability and culture, (3) HR's role in driving digital change, (4) the evolving role of HR managers in digital transformation, and (5) the challenges and opportunities associated with this process. Six core HR functions were identified, including (1) selecting and integrating digital tools, (2) facilitating recruitment and training, (3) managing people and change, (4) fostering cross-functional collaboration, (5) ensuring governance and compliance, and (6) securing organizational buy-in. HR managers act as facilitators, change agents, and strategic partners, supported by a culture of transparency, innovation acceptance, and continuous improvement. Originality/value This study advances the limited empirical literature on HR's strategic contribution to digital transformation in emerging economies. By applying the Diffusion of Innovation theory, it offers a human-centered and contextual understanding of how HR managers shape, influence, and lead digital transformation processes. The proposed framework provides guidance for organizations and policymakers seeking to strengthen HR's role in digital transformation, particularly in environments transitioning toward AI-driven innovation.
Sathasivam et al. (Wed,) studied this question.