Rapallo Treaty: the beginning of a new era in Germany-Russia relations

The subject of the research is the Rapallo Treaty of 1922, concluded between Soviet Russia and the Weimar Republic. The author explores in detail the geopolitical and economic prerequisites that led to the conclusion of this agreement, analyzing the internal political situation in both countries and their position in post-war Europe. Special attention is given to the structure and legal content of the treaty, revealing its key provisions and objectives. The study focuses on the influence of the Rapallo Treaty on the development of Russian-German relations, as well as its role in shaping a new European system of international relations during the interwar period. The ideological contradictions between communist Russia and the Weimar Republic are examined, as well as the mechanisms that allowed for the circumvention of these contradictions in pursuit of common interests. Long-term consequences of the Rapallo Treaty for Soviet-German relations in the 1930s are analyzed, including its impact on military-technical cooperation and, indirectly, on the events leading to World War II. The research employs methods of historical analysis, comparative legal studies, and statistical analysis. Archival materials and contemporary historiographical concepts are utilized. The novelty of the research lies in the comprehensive analysis of the Rapallo Treaty, taking into account both geopolitical and economic factors, as well as ideological ones. The main conclusions of the study are : the Rapallo Treaty was an important step in Soviet Russia's exit from international isolation and the restoration of its influence on the European stage; the treaty contributed to the strengthening of economic and military-technical cooperation between the two countries, despite their ideological differences; the Rapallo Treaty contributed to the destabilization of the Versailles system and the creation of new centers of power in Europe. The author's specific contribution to the study of the topic is the identification of the long-term consequences of the treaty for Soviet-German relations, which manifested in the 1930s and influenced the balance of power before World War II. The work concludes that the Rapallo Treaty was a complex and contradictory phenomenon that had both positive and negative consequences for European security.