What question did this study set out to answer?

To analyze gravitational wave events in the GWTC-4.0 catalog and identify unexplained objects within the CCEGA intermediate regime.

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April 4, 2026Open Access

P 41 The GWTC-4.0 Catalog Reveals 21 Objects GR Cannot Explain — CCEGA Can

Key Points

To analyze gravitational wave events in the GWTC-4.0 catalog and identify unexplained objects within the CCEGA intermediate regime.
Analyzed all 369 gravitational wave events from GWTC-4.0 O4a
Identified 21 events in the mass range of 2.33–9.20 M☉
Performed statistical comparisons of spin, total mass, and mass ratio with true black holes
21 gravitational wave events (5.7%) were classified in the CCEGA regime
Statistically significant differences found in spin, total mass, and mass ratio compared to black holes (p<0.0001)
GW190814 and GW230529 were found consistent with ultracompact objects from CCEGA

Abstract

Analysis of all 369 gravitational wave events in GWTC-4. 0 O4a. 21 events (5. 7%) populate the CCEGA intermediate regime (2. 33–9. 20 M☉). Statistically significant differences from true black holes in spin (p<0. 0001), total mass (p<0. 0001), and mass ratio (p<0. 0001). GW190814 and GW230529 consistent with CCEGA ultracompact objects. Circumstantial evidence — not confirmation. Definitive tests: NICER tidal deformability (2029), Einstein Telescope echoes (2035+). Mₘax boundary carries uncertainty (P29 v1. 1, P34 v1. 1). CCEGA Program Paper 41. Added: Reproducible Colab notebook implementing GWTC-4. 0 analysis for intermediate regime identification (21 events, 2. 33–9. 20 M☉). López Sánchez, M. (2026). P 41 The GWTC-4. 0 Catalog Reveals 21 Objects GR Cannot Explain — CCEGA Can (1. 0. 0). Zenodo. https: //doi. org/10. 5281/zenodo. 19366216

P 41 The GWTC-4.0 Catalog Reveals 21 Objects GR Cannot Explain — CCEGA Can

Key Points

Abstract

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