What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to synthesize and characterize a polyoxometalate-based sensor for sensitive melamine detection.

April 4, 2026

Ce 3+ -and-SeO 3 2– -Cobridged Asymmetric Sandwich-Type Sb III –Se IV -Templated Polyoxotungstate Applied to a Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Sensor for Melamine Detection

Key Points

The aim is to synthesize and characterize a polyoxometalate-based sensor for sensitive melamine detection.
Synthesis of Ce3+-and-SeO32--templated polyoxometalate (POM).
Fabrication of a hybrid film from the POM and PEDOT for sensor application.
Testing sensor performance in detecting melamine across a varied concentration range.
The sensor shows high selectivity and stability for melamine detection.
Achieves a wide detection range from 1 μM to 10 pM.
Demonstrates a low detection limit of 1.95 × 10-12 M.

Abstract

Exploring and synthesizing polyoxometalates (POMs) with innovative building blocks (BBs) has become a key direction for advanced functional materials. In this work, a unique Ce3+-and-SeO32--cobridged asymmetric sandwich-type SbIII-SeIV-templated POM H2N (CH3) 22H6Ce2 (H2O) 4W2O4 (HPA) 2SeSbW8O31B-β-SeW8O30·25H2O (1, HPA = 2-picolinic acid) was synthesized. The anionic framework of 1 features a unique asymmetric sandwich architecture, in which a heterometallic Ce2 (H2O) 4W2O4 (HPA) 210+ cluster bridges a conventional tetravacant Keggin B-β-SeW8O308- fragment and an uncommon SeO3-functionalized tetravacant Keggin SeSbW8O317- moiety. Leveraging the exceptional electron storage and charge transfer capabilities of POMs, a hybrid 1-PEDOT film based on 1 and PEDOT (PEDOT = poly (3, 4-ethylene dioxythiophene) ) was fabricated and employed as an electrode modifier for the construction of a molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for the detection of melamine. The resulting sensor demonstrates high selectivity, excellent stability, a wide detection range (1 μM-10 pM), and a low detection limit of 1. 95 × 10-12 M. This work provides an efficient strategy for designing and synthesizing new POM-based materials, enriches the structural and functional diversity of POMs, extends their applications in food safety monitoring, and realizes the transformation from molecular design to practical public health and environmental safety technologies.

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