The effect of foliar treatments of spring wheat with fungicides on the quality of seed material has been evaluated under conditions of the Trans-Ural region. The study has been carried out in 2016–2022 in the Kurgan Region (55°15′9′′ N, 65°7′48′′ E) using wheat grown on fallow land (the second field of a grain-fallow crop rotation). Fungicidal protection of the leaf apparatus of the parent wheat plants has been applied mainly at the flag leaf stage using preparations based on the triazole group of active substances (Falcon, Kolosal Pro, Alto Turbo, Strike Forte, and Titul 390). The soil of the experimental plot represents leached chernozem. After harvesting, a phytosanitary examination of the harvested grain has been conducted under laboratory conditions. The infection of reproductive seeds with plant pathogens has been shown to exceed critical values for the most of the studied years: 2–3-fold for the years with epiphytoties of leaf diseases and 4–5-fold for the years with a moderate level of leaf infection. A relatively favorable situation is observed under arid conditions. During epiphytotics, fungicidal treatment of plants results in a 15–30% increase in the thousand grain weight (TGW) compared to the unprotected control. In the seasons of moderate or weak leaf infection, this increase makes only 3–7%. The correlation between TGW and disease development is highly negative during epiphytotic seasons, noticeably negative for the moderate disease development, and weak under strongly arid conditions or in the case of a depressive disease development.
Kekalo et al. (Fri,) studied this question.