It is an indisputable fact that “language cannot directly represent reality”, as there is a cognitive intermediary between the two—the human being. In fact, the language picture of the world seeks to explore the “virtual” spiritual world of human beings through the “real” language phenomenon, that is, to explain the “human cognitive style” hidden behind language. The object of this theory is the human factor, especially the psychological factor of the person. Research has shown that the language picture of the world is represented mainly through linguistic meaning (including grammatical meaning and lexical meaning). The linguistic structure can reveal the lexical–grammatical meaning of language, whereas lexical meaning can represent world views such as metaphors and values. The study relies on a cognitive-linguistic and linguoculturological approach that involves comparing lexico-grammatical phenomena and metaphorical models across different languages. The scientific novelty of the research lies in a comprehensive examination of how the linguistic worldview is represented through the interrelation of lexical, metaphorical, and value structures. First, we select only grammatical phenomena in some ethnic languages as examples from the perspective of word class characteristics and word formation to demonstrate the unique way in which speakers of a language understand the world. Second, metaphors in language are derived mainly from the physical and cultural experiences of human beings and are based on anthropocentric principles. In fact, one can capture the commonalities between different categories of concepts and establish similarities between different domains. By examining the metaphorical phenomenon represented by the meaning of linguistic symbols, we can gain insight into people's cognitive activities and the core elements of national cultures through metaphors. Finally, people's value orientation must be reflected in linguistic symbols. An examination of the explicit or implicit values of language reveals the subjective attitude of the “linguistic and cultural community” towards the objective world and reveals a picture of its ideology, cultural traditions, and codes of conduct.
Xiang Wang (Sun,) studied this question.