Age-related hearing loss

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is the most common sensory deficit among older adults. ARHL usually begins around 50 years of age and affects approximately 40% of adults over age 65. Many older adults think hearing loss is a normal part of aging and fail to get diagnosed. However, ARHL can significantly impact emotional, physical, and social aspects of daily life. Lack of treatment for hearing loss has been found to lead to cognitive decline, social isolation, and adverse physical effects, such as loss of balance, which can lead to falls. Nurses have a role in recognizing and assessing hearing loss in patients. Simple diagnostic hearing tests can determine if hearing loss is sensorineural or conductive, and treatments can then be customized for the patient. Hearing aids or cochlear implants can improve hearing and increase the patient's quality of life. Assistive listening technology is also available as an alternative for those who cannot afford hearing aids. Understanding the impact of hearing loss, as well as diagnostic and treatment options, will assist the nurse in educating the patient on the importance of treating ARHL. Education should also include proper ear care and hearing device management. This article discusses the risk factors, diagnosis, treatment options, and management of ARHL, as well as nursing considerations and patient education.