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Laminated, organic-rich hemipelagic sediments from the Oligo-Miocene San Gregorio Formation, Baja California Sur, Mexico, contain isolated horizons (n = 41) of Thalassinoides and Gyrolithes burrows which are exclusively associated with granity-flow event deposits (phosphatic turbidites). The geological evidence suggests that some turbulent sedimentation events entrained line infaunal crustacea from neritic settings; upon deposition in anaerobic environments, these crustacea penetrated the substrate and reworked substantial volumes of sediment, in an environment which excluded successful larval recruitment. We suggest that the persistence of oxygen-depleted environmental conditions limited the survival time of these transported infaunal dwellers and rendered them doomed pioneers (Follmi and Grimm, 1990)
Grimm et al. (Mon,) studied this question.