The relationship between safety culture and safety climate and safety performance: a systematic review

Introduction. There is a close relationship between safety culture and safety climate and safety performance. However, the details of this relationship are somewhat unclear, due to different attitudes toward safety culture and safety climate, and the use of various tools for their evaluation, and various measures of safety performance. Methods. In this study, articles published in English from 2005 to 2017 were selected from various databases. Then, certain journals in the field of safety were specifically searched using the keywords 'safety and safety performance', 'safety climate and safety performance', 'safety culture and safety performance', 'safety climate and safety outcome', 'safety culture and safety outcome', 'safety culture and injury and fatalities' and 'safety climate and injuries and fatalities'. Results. In the current article, the role of safety culture and safety climate in improving safety performance was evaluated in 31 selected studies. It seems that reactive criteria and safety compliance is more consistent with safety climate and safety culture. Conclusions. The findings emphasized that increasing the level of safety climate and safety culture could be effective in reducing incidents and improving safety performance indicators.