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Requirements such as high bandwidth and capacity for high speed internet, High Definition Television “HDTV” and Voice Over Internet Protocol “VOIP”, lead to the proposals for Fibre To Home FTTH Access Network. FTTH based on Giga Passive Optical Network (GPON) technology is one techniques that can provide triple play services at a reasonable cost. It uses only passive equipment except at the central office and the customer premises. Most telecom operators now use FTTH networks based on GPON due to its flexibility in handling extended technologies and services in the future. For a GPON technology, a maximum of 128 uses can be included in a network with maximum reach of 60 km and maximum distance between consecutive optical network terminals of 20 km as per G.984.6 ITU-T specification. GPON uses 2.44 Gbps downstream and 1.24Gbps upstream data transmission.
Abdellaoui et al. (Tue,) studied this question.