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Micro/nanostructured TiO 2 , ion-doped TiO 2, and heterojunction TiO 2 composite photocatalysts have low toxicity, high biocompatibility, and high photocatalytic and antibacterial activities and have broad applications in the fields of photocatalytic, antibacterial, and orthopedic implants. The photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of TiO 2 and TiO 2 -based photocatalysts depend on their preparation methods. In this review, the preparation methods of TiO 2 , ion-doped TiO 2 , and heterojunction TiO 2 composite photocatalysts and their effects on photocatalytic and antibacterial activities were reviewed. Based on the excellent physical and chemical properties of TiO 2 , ion-doped TiO 2 , and heterojunction TiO 2 -based photocatalysts, their applications in the field of orthopedic implants were reviewed. Meanwhile, the development trend of the photocatalyst in the fields of photocatalysis, bacteriostasis, and medicine was prospected. The purpose of this review was to point out the direction for further study on photocatalytic and antibacterial activities and related applications of TiO 2 and TiO 2 -based photocatalysts.
Qi et al. (2022) studied this question.