Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Moderate and Late Preterm Infants

Late (34-36 weeks' gestational age) and moderate (32-33(6/7) weeks' gestational age) preterm infants constitute approximately 84% of all preterm infants. Over the past few decades, there is increasing recognition that this population is at risk for short- and long-term morbidities and adverse outcomes. This article is an overview of the common clinical problems encountered by the clinician during the neonatal period among infants born even a few weeks early. Recent literature highlighting the long-term neurodevelopmental and health risks of those born moderately or late preterm is also summarized and discussed. Further research on the efficacy and benefits of specific therapies in this population is warranted.