The research investigated the empirical analysis and the optimization of bush mango shell reinforced Al-Si-Mg Alloy (Al-9wt% Si-1wt%Mg) composites for engineering and industrial applications. The experiments were designed in the proportion of Al-9wt%Si-1wt%Mg, Al-9wt%Si-1wt%Mg + 2wt% BMSA, Al-9wt%Si-1wt%Mg + 4wt% BMSA, Al-9wt%Si-1wt%Mg + 6wt% BMSA, Al-9wt%Si-1wt%Mg + 8wt% BMSA and Al-9wt%Si-1wt%Mg + 10wt% BMSA. An Al-9 wt.% Si-1 wt.% Mg base alloy was produced by stir casting. The melting process was carried out in a gas-fired furnace using a graphite crucible. The materials were melted at a temperature of 750 °C. The addition of the reinforcing materials was varied in 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% amounts. The samples were produced through a stir casting process. The produced samples were subjected to various mechanical processes. The samples were also examined using an inverted metallurgical microscope, where the morphological structures were determined. The findings revealed that at 10% the values for BMSA had a value of 13.98, while the hybrid values obtained were 9.89.At 10wt% to 378.10 and 216.110Gp. The highest ductility was recorded at 10wt.% BMSA composite was 1.87%. The composites with reinforcement contents of 10wt% show impact strengths of 10.12KJ/m². The master alloy had an impact strength of 5.96 KJ/M2, while the mixture of Al-9wt%Si-1wt%Mg and 10wt% BMSA achieved an optimal value of 10.12 KJ/M2. There were relative reductions in the values as the reinforcing content was increased from 6wt% to 8wt%. At 10wt%, there was a decrease in both the BMSA and the Hybrid materials. The lowest values were obtained at 0%wt at 112.06 MPa, indicating the weakest strength. At the Al-9wt%Si-1wt%Mg (master alloy) achieved values of 192.66 MPa, while the value obtained for BMSA was 193.05 MPa. The point indicates the strongest point at 6wt BMSA + 9wt%Si-1wt%Mg.Flexural strength: Composites of the BMSA increased continuously, where a value obtained at Al-9wt%Si-1wt%Mg + 10wt% BMSA was 35.75%. On the other hand, the flexural strength for hybrid reinforcement composites increased significantly with increasing reinforcement amount from 2wt% to 8wt%, and then decreased with increasing reinforcement content to Al-9wt%Si-1wt%Mg + 10wt% Hybrid and gave a value of 21.13%. Load deflection 10wt% BMSA was 21.00% and Hybrid was 17.00%. The hardness test results obtained at 10wt%BMSA achieved an optimal hardness value of 40.80 HRC. Friction coefficient of these tread continued to decrease; there was no consistency in the values obtained, and there was a complete decrease at 10wt% for the composite at 0.12μ and 0.31μ, respectively. The micrographs indicate that there was no formation of porosity on their surfaces, which confirms the considerable casting process. The results revealed that the modification of grains formed the formation of phases, and the promotion of diverse structural morphologies was guaranteed by the alloy's high concentrations of the primary phase (Al-phase) and secondary phase (Mg2Si). The produced composite materials indicate that they can be used for both engineering and industrial applications
Ani et al. (Fri,) studied this question.