The Prevalence and Predictors of Dental Fear and Anxiety Among Adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross‐Sectional Study

ABSTRACT Background Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) are common physiological barriers that have a complex origin, influenced by multiple factors contributing to their development. DFA can significantly affect dental attendance and oral health behaviour. Studies have indicated that high levels of DFA can lead to delayed care, poorer oral health outcomes and increased treatment complexity. Objectives This study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental fear and anxiety among adults at King Saud University and to identify associated sociodemographic and experiential factors, including the influence of social media. Methods A descriptive cross‐sectional design was employed, involving a convenience sample of adult students and employees aged 18 years and older. Participants completed a validated questionnaire incorporating the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), as well as additional items on dental experiences and social media exposure. A total of 401 responses were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi‐square tests and binary logistic regression. Results The study revealed that among the participants, 70.32% reported moderate to high dental anxiety (MDAS score ≥ 11). DFA was significantly associated with female gender, history of negative dental experiences and possible exposure to anxiety‐provoking dental content on social media ( p < 0.05). Approximately 24.44% of participants displayed severe levels of dental anxiety (MDAS score ≥ 19), possibly reaching phobic levels due to the impact of social media. Conclusion Dental anxiety is highly prevalent in this university‐based population and is influenced by both personal dental experiences and social media exposure. Negative past dental experiences were the most frequently cited triggers for dental fear and anxiety. Interventions to reduce DFA should consider both behavioural support and public messaging strategies, particularly addressing the role of digital media.