A novel analytical approach for accurate photovoltaic model parameters identification

Precise assessment of photovoltaic (PV) parameters is crucial for enhancing solar system performance, ensuring reliable energy predictions, and improving efficiency. Estimating the PV model parameters remains fraught with theoretical and practical issues, as evidenced by the continuous emergence of various optimization techniques to address the shortcomings of traditional approaches. This paper propels this domain forward by representing an analytical-derived solution that concurrently eradicates iteration-dependent convergence problems associated with optimization techniques with enhanced estimation accuracy. The presented analytical technique depends on data derived from the I–V characteristics, circumventing the need for approximations. The approach methodically divided the I–V curve into three separate operating zones: the high-current zone, the maximum power zone, and the high-voltage zone. Each zone yields distinct equations using derivative-based analysis, clumping in a fully specified system of five equations. This technique facilitates the accurate extraction of the five essential single-diode model (SDM) PV parameters by generating five equations for these unknowns. The suggested analytical approach was validated using experimental data for three different PV panels/cells: R.T.C France solar cell, PWP201, and ET-M53690W PV module. The efficacy of this methodology was rigorously assessed, exhibiting substantial concordance with empirical I–V characteristics and being compared to seven modern optimization strategies. The findings demonstrate the enhanced precision of the proposed analytical method compared to optimization-based techniques.