As per World Organization for Animal Health (OIE,2023), animal welfare is achieved when an animal is “healthy, comfortable, well nourished, safe and able to express innate behavior.” Welfare frameworks focus on human treatment of animals rather than whether they should be used at all. Consequently, animal welfare focuses on improving quality of life for animals in agriculture, research, entertainment and as companions. Animal rights advocate for recognizing animals as emotional beings having intrinsic value independent of human utility. The animal rights philosophy, based on the ideas of thinkers like Peter Singer and Tom Regan, argues that animals have moral and legal entitlements to live free from human exploitation.
P. Manjunatha Reddy Ningthoukhongjam Linda (Wed,) studied this question.