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This article examines the impact of affordable housing agendas in Latin America, specifically in São Paulo, Brazil and Bogota, Colombia. These cities were pioneers in the conception of ‘inclusionary housing policies’, which use urban planning instruments to produce affordable housing by capturing the land value generated by real estate dynamics. In these cities land values are stimulated by incentives that incorporate affordable housing into market-rate developments using different models of public-private partnerships. The paper analyses the use of urban instruments such as land reserves and those that require percentages of land, building rights or financial resources to go to private builders willing to produce affordable housing. It shows the unquestioned incorporation of international affordable housing agendas. From a struggle to guarantee the right to housing, the issue of creating affordable housing has been appropriated to expand frontiers for real estate-financial markets. The dimension and complexity of housing needs have been ignored, raising serious questions about the sole solution currently provided (housing as private property) and the effects of federal anti-cyclical housing policies on socio-territorial inequalities. Some proposals are progressive, while others deepen the submission of policy to real-estate financial logics and are beset with contradictions: to provide land and financial resources for the production of new units, these public -private partnerships often lead to further socio-spatial segregation.
Paula Freire Santoro (Tue,) studied this question.