Off-target benefits of influenza vaccination in cardiovascular disease – Authors' reply

Key Points

• To discuss the unexpected cardiovascular benefits of influenza vaccination in individuals with heart diseases.
• Discussion of previous studies on influenza vaccination and cardiovascular health effects.
• Analysis of immune response mechanisms and inflammatory markers.
• Consideration of cytokine changes related to vaccination.
• Vaccination was associated with a reduction in cardiovascular events in vaccinated individuals.
• Influenza vaccine boosted immune response markers like interleukins that are beneficial for heart health.