The purpose of the study: to conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of the most common business process modeling methods, including BPMN 2.0, EPC, IDEF0, Flowchart, DFD, Mind Maps, UML, and AI-agent-based tools, identify their capabilities, limits, limitations, and disadvantages, and on this basis propose a new methodological approach synthesizing advantages and disadvantages. Achieving these goals and extending their functionality through the introduction of specialized components for describing typed agents with levels of autonomy, cyber-physical flows, sensors/actuators, human-machine interfaces (HMI), security zones with automatic verification, intervention events, and cognitive control points. The object of research is a set of management decisions for the administration of activities in the manufacturing process of an industrial product. The subject of the research is new production and management relationships that arise in the process of designing, modeling, managing and operating human-machine systems. The methodology of this research is based on an interdisciplinary approach combining theoretical principles and practical tools developed within the framework of the main scientific schools of business process modeling and reengineering, systems, engineering, sociotechnical approaches, as well as the concept of total Quality Management (TQM). Five fundamental limitations of current approaches to business process modeling have been identified: the lack of a differentiated description of human-machine process agents; insufficient tools for calculating economic efficiency; inability to formalize cyber-physical interaction (forces, trajectories, collisions); ignoring the cognitive load of the operator; lack of built-in security verification at the design stage. The concept of a new method "BPMES – business process management in an ergatic system" has been developed, based on a four-level architecture that provides a full cycle of management decision support from assessing the feasibility of implementing human-machine systems to operational management of the current business process, which allows for a complete description of the business process. This allows managers and analysts to independently design, verify, optimize these systems and perform operational management of business processes without the involvement of highly specialized technical experts.The expediency of introducing new specialized components into business process modeling tools is substantiated, which make it possible to describe the main forms and methods of interaction in human-machine systems corresponding to the current stage of digital transformation due to the development of Industry 4.0 and the introduction of breakthrough technologies.
Safiullin et al. (Sun,) studied this question.