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This research aims to develop a machine learning approach for detecting fake news using NLP techniques.

April 26, 2026Open Access

Fake News Detection Using NLP

Key Points

This research aims to develop a machine learning approach for detecting fake news using NLP techniques.
Developed a categorization model using multiple machine learning algorithms.
Applied NLP techniques such as text preprocessing, tokenization, and feature extraction.
Evaluated model performance using a large dataset and metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score.
The proposed machine learning models achieved high accuracy in detecting fake news.
Outperformed existing systems, with specific algorithms showing improved performance metrics.
Demonstrated effectiveness of NLP preprocessing in enhancing fake news detection accuracy.

Abstract

In the age of digital media, fake news is a serious problem because it spreads misinformation and harms individuals, organizations, and even entire nations which is a challenging aspect. This study proposes a machine learning approach for detecting fake news. In the proposed approach, a categorization model is developed with four different types of machine learning algorithms, evaluating the content and aesthetic components of news stories. The performance of the proposed model is analyzed byusing a large dataset of real and fake news articles and the results show that it outperforms many existing systems. The proposed findings demonstrate the potential of machine learning techniques, such as logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, and passive aggressive algorithms to address the fake news detection challenges. Therapid growth of social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram has significantly increased the spread of fake news, which can mislead people and create social, political, and economic problems. Detecting fake news manually is very difficult due to the large volume of online content. Therefore, automated fake news detection using Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning techniques has become very important. This research paper presents a fake news detection system based on NLP techniques such as text preprocessing, tokenization, stop-word removal, stemming, and feature extraction using methods like TF-IDF and word embeddings. Various machine learning algorithms including Logistic Regression, Nave Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest are applied to classify news articles as real or fake. The performance of the models is evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Experimental results show that machine learning models combined with effective NLP preprocessing can accurately detect fake news with high performance. The proposed system helps in reducing the spread of misinformation and supports maintaining trust in digital media platforms.

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