Digitalization and Economic Empowerment among Tribal Communities: A Study of the Siddi Population in Yellapur Taluka

Abstract The persistence of poverty among Scheduled Tribes (STs) in India remains a critical developmental concern, with evidence from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) indicating that nearly 45.9% of the tribal population falls within the lowest wealth bracket. This highlights the structural economic vulnerabilities faced by these communities. In this context, the present study examines the role of digitalization in enhancing the socio-economic conditions of the Siddi tribal community, with a specific focus on Yellapur taluk. The study is based on primary data collected from 80 respondents, selected using a simple random sampling method. Analytical tools such as tabular analysis and Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) were employed to interpret the data. The findings reveal that approximately 92.50% of respondents belong to small and marginal farming households, possessing less than two acres of land. Despite economic constraints, there has been a notable increase in mobile usage, with around 83% of respondents reporting active usage. This growing digital penetration has contributed to improved financial inclusion and access to broader markets, thereby fostering economic empowerment. Furthermore, while a significant majority (99%) of respondents possesses bank accounts, only 48.33% actively use digital payment systems. The gap between access and usage is primarily attributed to low levels of digital literacy and general illiteracy within the community. The study underscores that while digitalization has the potential to transform tribal economies, its effectiveness is contingent upon improving digital awareness and literacy. Overall, the research highlights the dual role of digitalization as both an opportunity and a challenge, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to bridge the digital divide among tribal populations.