Despite its potential to eliminate high material waste and improve productivity, Lean Construction (LC) adoption in Indonesia remains stagnant. This study identifies the primary barriers to LC implementation through a Systematic Literature Review of publications from 2016–2026. Using thematic analysis, the research categorizes inhibitors into four dimensions: Cultural/HR, Technical/Managerial, Financial, and Structural/Contractual. The results indicate that cultural resistance and low Lean literacy are the most significant hurdles, followed by fragmented procurement models. This paper proposes a sociotechnical transition that integrates BIM with local cooperative values (Gotong Royong). The findings provide a strategic foundation for policymakers to develop standardized Lean procurement regulations and curriculum reforms to enhance the sustainability of the Indonesian construction industry.
NURLAELAH (Tue,) studied this question.