This study examines the apprenticeship system in "Germany" from the late 18th to late 19th century as a "system of accreditation." The 18th-century Baden-Baden apprenticeship possessed a dual structure: "acknowledgment of belonging" based on religious rituals and quasi-familial relationships, and "certification of mastery" through graded qualification conferral. This functioned through autonomous craft community conferral and feudal legal guarantee. The 19th-century trade liberalization weakened guild monopolies and feudal guarantees, but labor markets gradually assumed a guarantor role, while supplementary schools complemented the stagnant dual system. Responding to 1870s relaxation, factory owners reconstructed accreditation systems through factory apprenticeships, and exhibitions sought public guarantee by having individual certifications endorsed before "the larger public." The apprenticeship transformation can be understood as a process where the dual structure of belonging acknowledgment and mastery certification persisted, while guarantors were reorganized from feudal authority to state, market, and public sphere.
Masaki KUMEKAWA (Thu,) studied this question.