Background: In Mexico, childhood cancer is the leading cause of death by disease in children between 5 and 14 years of age, and the sixth leading cause of death in children under 5 years of age.In addition, it represents almost 70% of the total cancer burden in the pediatric population.It comprises a heterogeneous group of malignancies with different clinical patterns, etiologies, therapeutic options, and survival prognoses.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study that included confirmed cases of childhood cancer in patients between 1 and 18 years of age, diagnosed with hematolymphoid neoplasms and solid tumors.The study was carried out in a third-level hospital of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social UMAE N71, located in northwest Mexico, during the year 2024.The International Classification of Childhood Cancer, third edition (ICCC-3), was used for the analysis and classification of cases.Results: The mean age of the patients was 8 years, with a distribution of 40.4% in females and 59.5% in males.Leukemia was the most common pediatric cancer, with acute lymphoblastic leukemia standing out in 45% of cases.This was followed by solid tumors in the central nervous system (CNS), representing 20.2%, the most frequent being astrocytomas, ependymomas, and other types of gliomas.Conclusions: Leukemias and CNS tumors were identified as the most frequent types of childhood cancer in the northwestern region of Mexico.The use of the classification (ICCC-3) represents a fundamental tool for the standardization of diagnosis and epidemiological analysis of childhood cancer.
García-Alvarado et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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