. The effects of key operational parameters, including catalyst dosage, pH, dye concentration, radical scavengers, inorganic ions, and real wastewater conditions, were systematically evaluated. Stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the catalyst retained 77.54% after four consecutive cycles. Overall, this work presents a polymer-mediated strategy for synthesizing an oxygen-engineered heterostructure with enhanced photocatalytic activity. The material offers a promising, eco-friendly solution for dye removal from industrial wastewater and water purification.
Nagaraja et al. (Tue,) studied this question.