Agricultural systems in Maharashtra have experienced considerable restructuring under the combined influence of technological advancement, market integration, policy support, and climatic variability. This paper examines the geo-economic transformation of agriculture in Ahilyanagar District, Maharashtra, focusing on spatial changes in land use, cropping pattern, irrigation development, productivity, and market orientation. The study integrates geographical conditions such as soil, rainfall, and location with economic drivers including input costs, price realization, institutional support, and infrastructure development. The analysis is based on secondary data from district statistical handbooks, agricultural census records, and state agricultural reports, supported by spatial interpretation of land use information and limited field observations. Results indicate a gradual shift from subsistence cereals to commercial and high-value crops such as cotton, soybean, pulses, and horticulture. Expansion of borewell and micro-irrigation has improved cropping intensity and yields, especially in accessible and irrigated pockets. However, transformation remains uneven, with wide disparities between rain-fed and irrigated areas and among small and large farmers. Rising production costs, groundwater stress, and market volatility continue to pose sustainability challenges. The study highlights the need for region-specific planning, strengthened market linkages, climate-smart practices, and institutional support to ensure inclusive and sustainable agricultural development in Ahilyanagar District.
Anand Purushottam Pandit (Wed,) studied this question.