The rapid advancement of technology has transformed academic libraries into smart libraries that use emerging technologies to enhance user experience and access to information. This systematic review of the literature published between 2015 and 2025 examines the development and operation of smart libraries in universities, focussing on key requirements, sustainability strategies, and implementation challenges. Findings indicate that successful smart libraries rely on modern technologies, robust infrastructure, continuous staff training, and clear governance policies. Common challenges include limited funding, data management difficulties, insufficient technical expertise, and legal constraints. Universities that implement smart library solutions report improved access and higher user satisfaction, highlighting their transformative potential. This review provides policymakers and educational leaders with actionable insights to guide effective implementation and foster innovation and lifelong learning.
Mosha et al. (Sun,) studied this question.