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Cell viability and in vitro cytotoxicity assay methods were developed using a combination of dyes, 4-3-(4-iodophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio-1,3-benzene disulfonate (WST-1), neutral red (NR) and crystal violet (CV), with HeLa cells as a bioindicatior. As WST-1 produces a highly water soluble and non-cytotoxic formazan dye, ti allows each assay to be carried out in one culture dish. The combined cell viability assay using WST-1, NR and CV gave an absorbance that correlated linearly with the number of cells over the range 1000 to 50,000 cells/well. The combined assay was applied to the evaluation of IC50 values for sodium dodecyl sulfate as a model toxicant, which yielded similar values to those obtained with each assay independently.
Ishiyama et al. (Mon,) studied this question.