In the context of full-scale war, the energy crisis has become one of the key factors in the transformation of Ukraine's economic security, directly affecting macroeconomic and social stability and the state's institutional capacity. The destruction of energy infrastructure, systemic supply disruptions and rising energy costs have created complex risks that extend beyond the energy sector and have become systemic. Therefore, this study is relevant because it aims to understand the energy crisis as a structural factor of economic security rather than a temporary shock. This article aims to provide a comprehensive political and economic analysis of the impact of the energy crisis on economic security transformation in modern Ukraine. The study focuses on the structural, macroeconomic, socio-economic and institutional-political consequences of energy instability in times of war and prolonged uncertainty. The study's methodology is based on political-economic, systemic and structural-functional approaches, enabling economic and energy security to be considered interrelated elements of national security. Methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalisation and logical modelling were employed to trace the relationship between energy constraints, macroeconomic dynamics and changes in economic behaviour patterns. The study found that the energy crisis reduces economic security by decreasing production volumes, increasing inflationary pressure and the budget deficit, and worsening conditions for human capital reproduction. The mass transition of businesses and households to autonomous energy sources, such as generators, ensured minimal operational stability of the economy. However, it also created long-term risks of economic fragmentation and the consolidation of a crisis-based development model. Thus, the energy crisis is viewed as a catalyst for change in state economic policy, institutional priorities and economic behaviour models. The results obtained have practical value in that they can be used to develop strategies to enhance Ukraine's economic security. This can be achieved by strengthening the institutional management of the energy sector, combining anti-crisis and long-term measures, and transitioning to a sustainable model of economic development in conditions of prolonged instability.
Pustovar et al. (Mon,) studied this question.