Despite recent advances in nanomaterials, a complete understanding of how graphene-based materials address limitations in dental applications remains limited. This review systematically describes the role of graphene and its derivatives in implants, restorative dentistry, periodontal regeneration, therapeutics, and imaging. Studies from pre-clinical reports and systematic reviews indicate that graphene-based materials may enhance mechanical strength, osseointegration, and antibacterial performance. Graphene nanocomposites have been investigated for their potential in strengthening restorative materials and supporting tissue regeneration, while graphene oxide has been explored for its potential in drug delivery and antimicrobial applications. Emerging imaging technologies incorporating graphene are being investigated for potential improvements in sensitivity, although clinical validation is lacking. Despite these findings, challenges related to biocompatibility, long-term safety, and clinical translation remain. Overall, graphene-based materials represent an area of ongoing research in dentistry, but further well-designed clinical studies are required to confirm their safety and effectiveness. • Graphene enhances osseointegration and durability of dental implants. • Nanocomposites improve strength and biofilm resistance in restorations. • GO scaffolds promote periodontal regeneration and tissue healing. • Regulatory and translational challenges remain for clinical adoption.
Ganapathy et al. (Tue,) studied this question.