Numerical Simulation and Mechanistic Analysis of Proppant Bridging-Induced Screen-out in Hydraulic Fractures

Key Points

• This research aims to analyze the mechanisms and risks associated with proppant bridging in hydraulic fractures during oil and gas extraction.
• Statistical analysis of pressure changes and fracturing conditions during proppant blockage.
• Development of a model simulating momentum exchange between fluid and proppants using fluid dynamics and discrete particle methods.
• Evaluation of factors influencing proppant bridging including proppant ratio and gap size.
• Under high proppant ratios, multiple bridging points form, increasing blockage area (effect observed when proppant ratio >10%).
• Continuous narrowing of flow area leads to exponential pressure increase.
• Reducing viscosity and flow rate effectively slows down the formation of blockages.