Abstract Predicting ship roll motion accurately is a challenging task due to the nonlinear nature of roll damping, which is crucial for the safety of smart and autonomous ships. This study, to the best of our knowledge, is the first to introduce graph-theoretic spectral algorithms specifically, the Stable Set Polynomial of the Complete Bipartite Graph Algorithm (SPBA) and the Clique Polynomial of the Complete Graph Algorithm (CPCA) to estimate ship roll motion responses over short time intervals. By employing short time evolution initial conditions, the nonlinear damping equations are transformed into sparse algebraic systems using spectral polynomial representations. A comparison with the Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM) and MATLAB solutions highlights the efficiency and reliability of the proposed algorithms. Furthermore, the short time evolution is extrapolated using an MLP with a sigmoid activation function to enhance predictive capability. The effectiveness of SPBA and CPCA is validated with HPM through RMSE heatmaps, which underscore improved accuracy and stability in roll motion forecasting.
J et al. (Sat,) studied this question.