High caffeine intake (≥6 cups/day) significantly moderated the association between Wake After Sleep Onset and all-cause mortality (β -0.011; 95% CI -0.022 to -0.001).
Cohort (n=5,628)
Does caffeine intake moderate the association between sleep quality parameters and all-cause mortality in adults without baseline major adverse cardiac events?
High caffeine intake (≥6 cups/day) moderates the mortality risk associated with prolonged wake after sleep onset and sleep latency.
Effect estimate: β -0.011 (95% CI -0.022 to -0.001)
Abstract Introduction Accumulating data indicates that poor sleep quality is associated with increased mortality. However, it is unclear whether caffeine moderates the effect of sleep-quality on longevity. This study determined whether caffeine intake moderates the association between sleep-quality parameters and all-cause mortality in the Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS). Methods From an initial cohort of 6,641 participants, 5,628 patients (mean age: 62.25±10.86 years) remained after excluding 134 individuals who withdrew consent and 679 with prevalent major adverse cardiac events at baseline (revascularization n=169, myocardial infarction n= 88, stroke n=156, and congestive heart failure n=166). The final analytic sample was predominantly White/Caucasian (84.1%), slightly more than half were female (54.2%), and approximately one-third were classified as obese. Sleep measures were obtained using in-home polysomnography (PSG). Average caffeine intake computed as the mean number of cups of tea/coffee and cans of soda consumed per regular day and the night preceding the PSG was 1.62 ± 1.73. All-cause mortality was identified through follow-up interviews, annual questionnaires, and linkage with the Social Security Administration Death Master File (mortality rate = 19.7%). Binary logistic regression models were run for each sleep measure, adjusted for age and sex. Results Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO) was significantly associated with mortality (β= 0.003, 95% CI: 0.000–0.006), indicating that longer nocturnal wakefulness was linked to elevated mortality risk. Sleep efficiency showed a protective effect (β= -0.015 -0.028 to -0.001), suggesting that more consolidated sleep was associated with lower mortality. Sleep latency, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and total sleep time did not exhibit significant independent associations with mortality. A significant negative interaction was observed between WASO and the highest intake category (≥6 cups/day) (β= -0.011 -0.022 to -0.001), indicating that the WASO-mortality association differed across caffeine groups. In contrast, sleep latency exhibited a positive interaction with ≥6 cups/day (β= 0.018 0.001, 0.035), suggesting heightened mortality risk at longer sleep latencies within this high-intake group. Conclusion Elevated WASO and prolonged sleep latency showed differential mortality risk across high-intake caffeine groups. These findings highlight the strategic importance of considering caffeine exposure when evaluating sleep-related predictors of long-term mortality. Support (if any)
Varpaei et al. (Fri,) conducted a cohort in Sleep quality and all-cause mortality (n=5,628). Caffeinated beverage intake vs. Lower caffeine intake was evaluated on All-cause mortality (β -0.011, 95% CI -0.022 to -0.001). High caffeine intake (≥6 cups/day) significantly moderated the association between Wake After Sleep Onset and all-cause mortality (β -0.011; 95% CI -0.022 to -0.001).