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This paper aims to accomplish two things: first, to develop precise criteria to establish profiles for bilingual speech, following the typology of insertion, alternation and congruent lexicalisation developed in Muysken (2000); and second, to test these criteria on specific data sets. A first set involves Welsh–English bilingual data analysed by Deuchar, a second set comprises Tsou–Mandarin Chinese data collected and analysed by Sung-Lan Wang, and a third set involves Taiwanese–Mandarin Chinese data, also collected and analysed by Sung-Lan Wang. We conclude that it is indeed possible to establish more precise quantitative profiles which capture the intuition that different data sets show different codeswitching properties, but that there are a number of conceptual and methodological issues that require further investigation.
Deuchar et al. (Tue,) studied this question.