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In this paper, we propose a deterministic system analysis that guarantees a profit by developing a system calculus with deterministic bounds. A system analysis model is required to guarantee a minimum profit and ensure stable investments in the energy storage system (ESS) and photovoltaic (PV) by the third-party operators. The deterministic system analysis guarantees the worst case performance and determines the optimal ESS and PV capacity with an optimization problem through a smart grid system analysis. The proposed approach can be used as an analytical tool to determine the investment cost for a third-party operator and guarantee investment-based return by presenting the optimal ESS and PV capacity in a smart grid system.
Yang et al. (Tue,) studied this question.