The public sector occupies an important role in the advancement and development of societies, as well as its distinguished role in implementing the state's public policy by organizing various aspects of social, economic, and political life. The importance of the public sector has increased as the state's activities have expanded beyond the concept of a minimal state that only provides internal and external security, resolves disputes among individuals, and manages basic public facilities. It has become an intervening state in most areas of life, resembling the activities of the private sector.The increasing emphasis on the public sector has led to a greater focus on public employees, who are considered the primary tool of the state in achieving its objectives and carrying out its various activities to provide the best services to individuals and achieve the public good. The success of the government in its function depends on selecting the best human resources and the most competent individuals for public service. The establishment of the Public Service Council under the Civil Service Law No. 55 of 1956 is a qualitative addition to selecting the best candidates for public service and solidifying the principle of merit in appointments.However, the lack of attention to this council and its inability to compete with the private sector in the 1970s resulted in its inability to provide public institutions with public employees, especially in critical specialties.
shatob et al. (Sun,) studied this question.