The article is devoted to the analysis of the Czech occupational safety system in the Czech Republic's machine-building industry, the functioning of health insurance for workers (including voluntary health insurance) and those citizens who arrived in the republic as a result of hostilities on the territory of Ukraine. The article examines the developed system of medical care for the population and foreigners, including a large number of Ukrainian citizens who have left their country for the above-mentioned reason. It notes the broad access of foreign citizens to the labor market. As of January 2026, there are about 392-395 thousand Ukrainians with temporary protection in the Czech Republic, and about 152-155 thousand Ukrainians had employment contracts at the beginning of 2025. The purpose of this article is to examine the peculiarities of occupational safety for Ukrainians in the Czech Republic's machine-building industry and requires an analysis of the legal framework of the EU/ Czech Republic and Ukraine, the adaptation of Ukrainians (linguistic and cultural barriers, differences in safety culture), the role of Ukrainian diasporas and migration services, as well as interaction with Czech labor inspectorates to ensure compliance with EU standards and the protection of the rights of workers from Ukraine, which requires a comparative approach to regulation and social protection in both countries. To fully and successfully achieve the established goal of this scientific research, the methodological approach is based on the application of general scientific methods. Specifically, empirical knowledge, observation and comparison, and fundamental research were used. The content analysis method was chosen to summarize the research. Theoretical research methods—analysis, synthesis, and generalization—were used to identify problematic issues. An analysis of works by Czech and Ukrainian authors studying the situation of Ukrainian citizens in the Czech Republic shows that Ukrainian citizens, like other refugees, have the full right to employment in accordance with their profession, desires, and abilities, and must be provided with training in occupational safety. Ukrainians have conditional free access to the labor market. The most common types of permits are: employment card, blue card, extraordinary work visa, or work permit. Occupational safety training in the Czech Republic is mandatory for all employees, including foreigners, and is regulated by the Labor Code. Employers are required to provide training during employment and periodic refresher courses. The wide range of medical services and insurance available to citizens creates favorable conditions for both working and studying in the Czech Republic and could serve as an example for Ukraine. Specific links between government structures and business in terms of occupational safety at machinebuilding enterprises in the Czech Republic have been studied. Based on the study, conclusions have been drawn regarding the improvement of the insurance and medical care system for workers in Ukraine. The scientific results obtained in the course of this research can be used by the Ukrainian state to study and disseminate among enterprises and society in terms of improving medical care and insurance for Ukrainian citizens
Anatoliy Nester (Tue,) studied this question.