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According to the U.S. Department of Energy, about 40% of total energy is consumed on buildings in industrialized countries, among which 68% is electricity. Recently research shows that 20%∼30% of building energy consumption can be saved with optimized operation and management without changing building structure and hardware configuration of energy supply system significantly. Therefore, there is a huge potential for building energy savings through efficient operation.
Guan et al. (Thu,) studied this question.