An Integrated Theoretical Perspective on Delinquent Behavior

This paper presents an integrated theoretical model of the etiology of delin quent behavior. The proposed model expands and synthesizes strain, social- learning, and social control perspectives into a single explanatory paradigm which avoids the class bias inherent in traditional perspectives and takes into account multiple causal paths to sustained patterns of delinquent behavior. Major variables in the model include two types of social bonds (integration and commitment), attenuation experiences (such as failure in conventional social settings), and delinquent learning and performance structures. Two dominant etiological paths to delinquency are postulated by the paradigm. The first path is characterized by weak integration into and commitment to the social order and by involvement in delinquent peer groups. Characteristics of the second major path are initially strong bonds to the social order, subse quent attenuation, or weakening, of those bonds, and exposure and commit ment to delinquent peer groups.