Ayurveda relies on the foundational concepts of Ritucharya (seasonal regimen), Prakriti (individual constitution), and the Tridosha: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. A person's baseline constitution remains constant, but changing external seasons naturally cause internal doshas to fluctuate. To prevent imbalance, Ritucharya involves carefully adjusting one's lifestyle and diet to counteract these seasonal changes. Doshas undergo three distinct stages yearly: accumulation, aggravation, and pacification. Individuals are most vulnerable to illness during the season when their dominant dosha naturally aggravates. Therefore, seasonal regimens utilize the principle of opposites to maintain health. Because "like increases like," exposing oneself to qualities similar to their dominant dosha greatly increases imbalance, while using strictly opposite qualities reliably restores equilibrium. Vata Prakriti people are naturally dry and cold, the most vulnerable season is the windy monsoon. To balance Vata, individuals must favor warm, cooked foods and practice daily warm oil massages. Pitta Prakriti people are naturally warm and sharp, making them extremely vulnerable in autumn and summer. Pitta is best balanced by eating cooling foods and avoiding direct sunlight. Finally, Kapha Prakriti people are cool and heavy, facing peak vulnerability during the spring season. Kapha types require warm, dry foods, vigorous physical exercise, and should avoid any daytime sleeping. Ultimately, by correctly understanding these natural interactions, and customizing daily diet and routine lifestyle, based completely on the current season and individual constitution, people can successfully maintain strong immunity and ensure long, healthy, and balanced lives every single calendar year.
Mishra et al. (Fri,) studied this question.