In open distance e-learning (ODeL), student participation and interaction are crucial for deepening their knowledge. This article explores how discussion forums optimize interaction within the ODeL environment. In this qualitative study conducted within the interpretivist paradigm, data were collected from six Bachelor of Education (BEd) and Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) lecturers, who were purposively selected based on their lived experiences of teaching modules offered in these programs. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview data, following the six-phase thematic analysis approach. This study revealed the benefits of using discussion forums to optimize interaction, bridge geographical distances, utilize interactive multimedia, and provide immediate feedback. Although discussion forums have benefits, their limitations include low participation rates and poor response quality. This article recommends that students receive clear guidance before starting discussions to help optimize the use of discussion forums.
Tshite et al. (Fri,) studied this question.