What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: Bovine enterovirus type 1 (BEV1) exposure (n=1526). Primary outcome: BEV1 specific antibody seroprevalence.

What does this research mean for the field?

Bovine enterovirus type 1 (BEV1) exhibits high seroprevalence across domestic animals and humans, with similar human infection rates in rural and urban areas, and includes the first identified serological evidence of BEV1 infection in donkeys. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.NOVEL_FINDING. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

January 1, 2019Open Access

A study regarding bovine enterovirus type 1 infection in domestic animals and humans: An evaluation from the zoonotic aspect

Key Result

Bovine enterovirus type 1 specific antibodies were detected in 33% of humans and up to 85.3% of cattle, indicating widespread exposure across both urban and rural populations.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=1,526)

Multicenter

Structured PICO

Population

1,526 blood serum samples from humans (n=751) and farm animals (cattle n=191, donkeys n=87, goats n=160, sheep n=200, horses n=91, dogs n=46) in Elazig province, Turkey.

Outcome

Bovine enterovirus type 1 (BEV1) specific antibody presence (seroprevalence)surrogate

BEV1 seropositivity is highly prevalent in domestic animals and humans in Eastern Anatolia, indicating widespread exposure regardless of rural or urban residence.

Limitations

Lack of data on the virus excretion time interval in acutely infected individuals.
Duration of protection of the formed antibodies after acute infection is unknown.
No BEV strains have been isolated in Turkey so far to determine circulating serotypes.

Abstract

Bovine enteroviruses (BEV) are members of Enterovirus genus of the family Picornaviridae. BEV1 has a broad host spectrum, including humans. The virus usually causes subclinical infection, but fatal/severe cases have also been reported in different animal species. There is quite limited data regarding BEV1 in humans. The purpose of this study is to investigate human infection and to identify possible risk factors for viral exposure. For this purpose, blood serum samples (n=1,526) were collected from a city center and nearby villagers simultaneously from humans and farm animals in Elazig province in Eastern Anatolia. As a result of serum neutralisation test, BEV1 specific antibody presence detected in cattle was 85.3% (163/191), 73.5% in donkeys (64/87), 71.8% in goats (115/160), 46.5% in sheep (93/200), 43.9% in horses (40/91), 41.3% in dogs (19/46) and 33% in humans (248/751). Although a high contamination potential was mentioned for people living in rural areas, it was determined that infection rates in rural areas (31.6%) and urban centers (32.2%) were very close. There was no difference according to sex. Viral exposure is higher in the 40 to 70 age range. In addition, the serological evidence of the infection in donkeys was identified for the first time with this study.

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