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BACKGROUND: ERCC1 and ERCC2 are human DNA repair genes that are associated with in vitro resistance to selected DNA-damaging agents. PURPOSE: Fresh tumor tissues from 26 patients with ovarian cancer were analyzed for the RNA levels of expression of these genes to determine possible clinical relevance. METHODS: Tumor tissues were harvested from patients immediately before they entered a cisplatin- or carboplatin-based treatment protocol. Clinical response was assessed by standard criteria. Gene expression level was assessed by slot blot analysis, using beta-actin as a control. Relative expression levels were determined by comparing each tumor sample with a Chinese hamster ovary cell line that had a stable transfection of the human ERCC1 gene. RESULTS: Patients who were clinically resistant to platinum-based therapy had a 2.6-fold higher expression level of ERCC1 in their tumor tissue than did patients who responded to that therapy (P = .015). Results obtained by slot blot analysis were qualitatively confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Relative levels of expression of ERCC2 did not differ significantly between responders and nonresponders. CONCLUSION: We conclude that ERCC1 expression levels in human tumor tissue may have a role in clinical resistance to platinum compounds. These data appear to be consistent with the assertion that ERCC1 serves as an excision nuclease, whereas ERCC2 serves as a helicase.
Dabholkar et al. (Wed,) studied this question.