Tobacco-attributable cancer burden in the UK in 2010

judged that there was sufficient evidence in humans that tobacco smoking causes cancers of the lung, larynx, oral cavity and pharynx, paranasal sinuses, oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, kidney, ureter, bladder, uterine cervix and bone marrow (myeloid leukaemia; IARC, 2004). At a recent expert review (to be published as IARC Monograph 100E), the list of cancers for which the evidence for tobacco smoking being causative was considered to be ‘sufficient ’ was updated to include cancers of the colon and rectum, and mucinous tumours of the ovary (Secretan et al, 2009). In the 2004 evaluation, the IARC judged that there was sufficient evidence that involuntary smoking – that is, exposure to secondhand or ‘environmental ’ tobacco smoke (ETS) – causes lung cancer in humans (IARC, 2004). In this monograph, the results of metaanalyses were reported, showing a statistically significant and consistent association between lung cancer risk in spouses of