Abstract Introduction / Rationale Identifying mortality differences between men and women with COPD allows for the identification of biological, behavioral, and social factors that influence the progression of the disease. So far, we aimed to describe mortality rate and analyze survival by gender in COPD patients. Methods This is a prospective closed cohort study conducted over approximately 7 years of follow-up of participants between 2018 and 2025. The study was conducted in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, with patients recruited at the Goiás High-Cost Medication Center (CEMAC) at the time they attended there to up their medication, during the inclusion period. Patients with COPD with a compatible clinical presentation confirmed by a pulmonologist or by FEV1/FVC spirometric classifications were included, with spirometry performed in the last year prior to the start of the study. Reassessments were conducted by telephone contact, and those who did not answer after 3 attempts were excluded. The last reassessment was carried out in 2025, and on that occasion, an active search was conducted regarding the deaths of patients who did not respond to contact, through check in medication withdrawal at CEMAC or through national death records. The time to the event (overall mortality) was the difference between inclusion and death or between inclusion and the last contact. Survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier method. All analisys were performed using Jamovi X version and Python (lifeline). We considered p 0.05 statistically significant. Results The final cohort included 111 patients, with 55.9% (n = 62) being male and 44.1% (n = 39) being female. Overall mortality was 39 patients (35.1%). Men presented significantly higher absolute FEV1 (L) than women (p 0.001). The CAT score was higher in women (U = 876, p 0.001), while the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), the MRC dyspnea classification, and the frailty (FRAIL) assessment did not show significant differences. Active smoking was more frequent among women (χ² = 5.06; p 0.005), but smoking history did not differ between sexes. Kaplan-Meier curves showed higher survival rates in women, but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.32). The mortality relative risk was 16% lower for women however this was not significant (RR = 0,88; CI95% 0.63 -1,12) Conclusion Although women had greater symptoms and quality of life, and had worse pulmonary function, survival during 7 years of follow-up did not differ between genders. This abstract is funded by: None
Ferreira et al. (Fri,) studied this question.